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Solar cookers are used for cooking food by using the energy radiated by the sun. Solar stove cooking works on the principle that sunlight warms the pot, converting light energy to heat energy - which is used for cooking the food. This solar cooker designs use concave mirrors because these mirrors reflect sunlight into a single focal point. Solar stove lets the UV light rays in and then transforms them into longer infrared light rays that cannot escape. Solar stove tops can also be used to purify water and are improving the quality of life for many people around the world. There are three major types of solar cookers: box, parabolic reflector, and panel cookers.

Box solar pots

Box solar cookers (also known as box ovens) can cook the same foods that can be cooked in a standard oven or a slow cooker. They have an interior chamber (“box”), although it does not have to be square-shaped. The shoe box solar cooker uses reflectors to concentrate more sunlight into the box, glazing to allow sunlight into the box and then trap the heat, and insulation to retain as much heat as possible. Commercially made box solar oven kit4 can reach 400°C on a clear sunny day. Box ovens can be easily made from inexpensive or recycled materials, and are suitable for classroom construction and cooking.

Panel cookers

Panel solar cooker pots can cook the same foods that can be cooked in a covered pot on top of the stove. The panel solar cookers use reflectors to “gather” a larger area of sunlight and direct it towards a black cooking pot that is placed in a high-temperature oven bag. The air inside the bag that surrounds the pot is the insulation that retains the heat. The temperature inside the pot of a panel solar food cooker can reach and maintain boiling. Panel DIY solar cookers can be easily made in the classroom from inexpensive materials, and are simple to use for cooking on clear sunny days.

Parabolic reflectors

Reflectors are used in parabolic solar cooker designs to concentrate a significant amount of sunlight onto a single focal point, where temperatures can approach 500°C. Parabolic-shaped solar cooker science projects can be easily made from recycled satellite dishes or large umbrellas. Appropriate safety should be practiced while cooking.

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