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Inductors are electrical components that can store electrical energy in an electro-magnetic form. In its basic form, an inductor has a wire, known as inductor coil, wound around a core. It acts as a passive component that resists instant changes in current. Arrangement of inductors in parallel or in series may be used to oppose sudden current surges or spikes by storing energy momentarily in a magnetic field and then allowing it to flow back to the circuit.

What Are the Popular Applications for Inductors?

Inductors have multiple uses in tuning circuits, sensors, electric motors, and transformer circuits. Inductors are used in radio tuning circuits to select or modify frequencies for radio channels. Inductors also function as proximity sensors and are used as contactless sensors in traffic lights to monitor traffic density. In computers, SMD inductors are an essential part of switching power supply units. They are also used in electric motors where inductors are used to control the speed of the motor. Power inductors can be combined in a single magnetic field to form a transformer. Inductors also serve as chokes. Choke inductors restrict the flow of alternating current but allow direct current to pass through.

What Are the Types of Inductors?

Four inductor types are available based on their core material. The iron core inductor has an iron core, high inductance, and power value. They are frequently used in audio equipment. Air core inductors have no physical core. A good example is the ceramic core used when inductance is low. Iron powder inductors use iron oxide formed from fine iron powder particles. It stores high magnetic flux with fine insulating particles and it is useful in switching power supplies. Ferrite core inductors use ferrite materials as a core. Hard ferrite core inductors have permanent magnets while soft ferrite core inductors have reversible polarity.

What Are Inductor Selection Tips?

Determine the required coil inductance, and the maximum current allowed to flow in the inductor. Select an inductor with a high Q factor. For radio frequency circuits, make sure the self-resonant frequency exceeds the circuit's operating frequency.

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